This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on the implementation of a comprehensive PBM approach. Studies included had to address at least one recognised PBM modality per pillar. Data for 235,779 surgical patients were included (100,886 in the pre-PBM group and 134,893 in the PBM group).

The combined PBM measures led to improved clinical outcomes through a reduction of transfusion requirements, less complications and lower mortality rates.

These results should send yet another strong message to governments, health care providers and the general public that PBM implementation leads to positive outcomes and that withholding such measures puts patients at risk.

– Bernd Froessler